اللجنة الدولية للأوزان والمقاييس: الفرق بين النسختين

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{{مقالة غير مراجعة|تاريخ=مايو 2013}}
????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????[76] ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????[77][78] ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????[78] ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???.[76] ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????. ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????.[79][80]
'''اللجنة الدولية للأوزان والمقاييس''' [[اللغة الفرنسية|بالفرنسي]] (Comité international des poids et mesures) المختصر (CIPM) يتكون من ثمانية عشر شخصا من الدول الأعضاء في [[اتفاقية المتر]] (Convention du Mètre) المعين من قبل المؤتمر العام للأوزان والمقاييس (CGPM) الذي هو ضمان الاتساق على نطاق [[العالم]] في وحدات القياس المهمة الرئيسية من خلال العمل المباشر أو عن طريق تقديم المقترحات إلى المؤتمر العام للأوزان والمقاييس (CGPM).<ref>{{cite book
|url = http://www.bipm.org/utils/en/pdf/kaarls2003-EN.pdf
|title =Evolving Needs for Metrology in Trade, Industry and Society and the Role of the BIPM
|date = April 2003
|first1 = J
|last1 = Kovalevsky
|first2 = R
|last2 = Kaarls
|publisher = Intergovernmental Organization of the Convention of the Metre
|location = [[Sèvres]], France
|isbn = 92-822-2212-8
|accessdate = 14 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.bipm.org/en/committees/cc/cc_criteria.html
|title = Criteria for membership of a Consultative Committee
|accessdate = 25 September 2012
|publisher = [[Bureau International des Poids et Mesures]]
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120417051227/http://www.bipm.org/en/committees/cc/cc_criteria.html
|archivedate = 17 April 2012
|df =
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
|url = http://www.bipm.org/utils/en/zip/blevin1998.zip
|title =National and international needs relating to metrology : International collaborations and the role of the BIPM
|date = March 1998
|first1 = J
|last1 = Kovalevsky
|first2 = WR
|last2 = Blevin
|publisher = Intergovernmental Organization of the Convention of the Metre
|location = [[Sèvres]], France
|isbn = 92-822-2152-0
|accessdate = 14 March 2013}}</ref>
== مراجع ==
{{مراجع}}
 
?????? ??? ???? ?????? 18 ???? 1869 ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? 1881 ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???.[81]
 
{{ضبط استنادي}}
????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? (1914-1917) ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? 1914 ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????. ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? 1922 ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???????.[82][83]
{{شريط بوابات|الفيزياء|باريس}}
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{{بذرة فيزياء}}
Crystal Clear app kdict.png ????? ?????: ??????? ???????
 
[[تصنيف:منظمات حكومية دولية تأسست عبر معاهدة]]
????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????.
[[تصنيف:منظمات دولية أنشئت بموجب معاهدة]]
[[تصنيف:منظمات دولية مقرها في فرنسا]]
[[تصنيف:منظمات قياسية]]
[[تصنيف:منظمات مقرها في باريس]]
[[تصنيف:هوت دو سين]]
 
[[تصنيف:نظام متري]]
??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? 1919 ??????????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? "????? 28 ?????? 1922" ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????.[84]
??? ??? 1923 ?????? "???? ????????" ???? ???? ????? 1923? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????????. ?? ??? ?????? 1936 ???? 20 ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? 8 ?????? 1951 ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? 1899? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? 3 ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? 27 ????? 1952? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? 1952 ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????[85] ?? ????? ????????? ??? 18 ????? 1953.[86][87]
?????????
 
Crystal Clear app kdict.png ?????? ?????: ???? 23 ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???????
 
Crystal Clear app kdict.png ???? ?????: ??? ?????????? ???? 6 ??????? ??????? ???? ?????
???? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????.
 
?? 23 ????? 1952 ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? �?????? ????????� ???? ????? ????? ????? "???? 23 ?????"?[88][89] ??? ??? 1953 ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ???????[90] ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? 1958 ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? 1961? ??? ????? ???? ?????? 1960-1970? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ??????.[91][92]
 
???? ??????? ?? 5 ????? 1967 ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????� ????? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? 1970 ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????.[93][94]
??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????
 
?? 6 ??????? 1973 ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? 22 ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????.[95][96]
 
?? ??? 1977 ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????[97] ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? 25 ????? 1982 ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 1979 ??? ??? 1989.[98][99]