English: Genetic similarities between 51 worldwide human populations, calculated by Euclidean genetic distance using 289,160 SNPs. Each reference is the individual which is the best representative of the HGDP (Human Genome Diversity Project) population. The pair-wise combinations between the 51 references are plotted. The data is normalized so that 100 is given to the most similar pair (plotted in dark red) and 0 is given to the most distant pair (plotted in blue). Vertical and horizontal lines separate the references into large continental groups: sub-Saharan Africa, North-Africa/Middle East, Europe, Central South Asia, East Asia and Oceania.

Five large blocks of similarity are visible:

1. sub-Saharan Africa
2. North-Africa/Middle East, Europe and Central-South Asia,
3. East Asia
4. Americas
5. Oceania

The biggest block is composed of NA/ME, Europe, and CSA corresponding to the Indo-european continental group; within this large block the European references show the greatest similarity. The references within the Americas show the highest intra-block similarity, particularly the pairs Colombia/Maya and Colombia/Karitiana (an indigenous population living in Amazônia). The blocks with the least similarity to one another are Africa/Oceania, and Africa/Americas. The Mbuti Pygmies and the San show the largest distances to the other references.