مستخدم:محمد 19951/ملعب11

1894 map showing the extent of the Mahdist state in Sudan

Preliminaries

Herbert Kitchener, Sirdar of the Egyptian army

^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

Kitchener's forces

Sudanese soldiers in the Egyptian army, 1899

^[12]^[13]^[14]

Sudan Military Railroad

Rail, river and caravan communications in Sudan during the campaign

Campaign of 1896

General Kitchener and the Anglo-egyptian Nile Campaign, 1898 HU93828

^[28]^[29]^[30]^[31]

Campaign of 1897

Paddle steamer 'Bordein' of the Mahdist navy

Campaign of 1898

Battle of Omdurman

Khartoum and Omdurman

Bombardment of Mahdist positions by one of Kitchener's gunboats

^[43]^[44]^[45]^[46]^[47]^[48]

Final Campaigns

See also

The Mahdi

References

^ Dominic Green, Three Empires on the Nile: The Victorian Jihad, 1869-1899, Simon and Schuster, 2007 p.241
^ Edward M. Spiers, Sudan: The Reconquest Reappraised, Routledge, 2013 p.2
^ Robert Collins, The British in the Sudan, 1898–1956: The Sweetness and the Sorrow, Springer, 1984 p.8
^ Harold E. Raugh Jr., British Military Operations in Egypt and the Sudan: A Selected Bibliography, Scarecrow Press, 2008 p.xiv
^ Harold E. Raugh Jr., British Military Operations in Egypt and the Sudan: A Selected Bibliography, Scarecrow Press, 2008 p.xxviii
^ Edward M. Spiers, Sudan: The Reconquest Reappraised, Routledge, 2013 p.2
^ Dominic Green, Three Empires on the Nile: The Victorian Jihad, 1869-1899, Simon and Schuster, 2007 p.240
^ http://www.militarysunhelmets.com/2014/marchand-and-the-race-for-fashoda accessed 6/1/2017
^ Dominic Green, Three Empires on the Nile: The Victorian Jihad, 1869-1899, Simon and Schuster, 2007 p.247
^ Edward M. Spiers, Sudan: The Reconquest Reappraised, Routledge, 2013 p.3
^ Harold E. Raugh Jr., British Military Operations in Egypt and the Sudan: A Selected Bibliography, Scarecrow Press, 2008 p.xxviii
^ Harold E. Raugh Jr., British Military Operations in Egypt and the Sudan: A Selected Bibliography, Scarecrow Press, 2008 p.xxxviii
^ Edward M. Spiers, Sudan: The Reconquest Reappraised, Routledge, 2013 p.2
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 vol.1 pp.202-204
^ Ronald M. Lamothe, Slaves of Fortune: Sudanese Soldiers and the River War, 1896-1898, Boydell & Brewer Ltd, 2011 p.32
^ Ronald M. Lamothe, Slaves of Fortune: Sudanese Soldiers and the River War, 1896-1898, Boydell & Brewer Ltd, 2011 pp.33-4
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 vol.1 pp.238-41
^ Edward M. Spiers, Sudan: The Reconquest Reappraised, Routledge, 2013 p.3
^ Harold E. Raugh Jr., British Military Operations in Egypt and the Sudan: A Selected Bibliography, Scarecrow Press, 2008 pp.xxviii-xxix
^ Dominic Green, Three Empires on the Nile: The Victorian Jihad, 1869-1899, Simon and Schuster, 2007 pp.248-59
^ Dominic Green, Three Empires on the Nile: The Victorian Jihad, 1869-1899, Simon and Schuster, 2007 pp.248-50
^ Edward M. Spiers, Sudan: The Reconquest Reappraised, Routledge, 2013 pp.2-3
^ Edward M. Spiers, Sudan: The Reconquest Reappraised, Routledge, 2013 p.3
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 vol.1 pp.181-84
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 vol.1 pp.181-84
^ Dominic Green, Three Empires on the Nile: The Victorian Jihad, 1869-1899, Simon and Schuster, 2007 p.248
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 vol.1 pp.238-247
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 vol.1 pp.244-45
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 vol.1 pp.261-71
^ Harold E. Raugh Jr., British Military Operations in Egypt and the Sudan: A Selected Bibliography, Scarecrow Press, 2008 p.xxviii
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 vol.1 pp.272
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 p.312-14
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 p.319-21
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 p.336-8
^ Harold E. Raugh Jr., British Military Operations in Egypt and the Sudan: A Selected Bibliography, Scarecrow Press, 2008 pp.xxviii-xxix
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 p.357
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 p.358-60
^ Dominic Green, Three Empires on the Nile: The Victorian Jihad, 1869-1899, Simon and Schuster, 2007 p.252
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, vol.2 pp.66-7
^ Harold E. Raugh Jr., British Military Operations in Egypt and the Sudan: A Selected Bibliography, Scarecrow Press, 2008 p.xxix
^ Robert Collins, A History of Modern Sudan, Cambridge University Press, 2008 p.30-31
^ Winston Churchill, The River War, Longman 1899 vol.2 p.173
^ M.W.Daly, Empire on the Nile: The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1898-1934, Cambridge University Press, 1986 p.2
^ M.W.Daly, Empire on the Nile: The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1898-1934, Cambridge University Press, 1986 p.3
^ M.W.Daly, Empire on the Nile: The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1898-1934, Cambridge University Press, 1986 pp.2-3
^ M.W.Daly, Empire on the Nile: The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1898-1934, Cambridge University Press, 1986 p.5
^ Max Hastings, The Oxford Book of Military Anecdotes, Oxford University Press, 1986 pp.308-10
^ Dominic Green, Three Empires on the Nile: The Victorian Jihad, 1869-1899, Simon and Schuster, 2007 p.268
^ M.W.Daly, Empire on the Nile: The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1898-1934, Cambridge University Press, 1986 p.9
^ Robert Collins, A History of Modern Sudan, Cambridge University Press, 2008 p.32
^ Robert Collins, A History of Modern Sudan, Cambridge University Press, 2008 p.32
^ M.W.Daly, Empire on the Nile: The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1898-1934, Cambridge University Press, 1986 p.9
^ M.W.Daly, Empire on the Nile: The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1898-1934, Cambridge University Press, 1986 p.9

External links

Category:1890s in Sudan Category:British Army personnel of the Mahdist War Category:Mahdist War Category:1890s in Egypt Category:Conflicts in 1899 Category:Conflicts in 1898 Category:Conflicts in 1897 Category:Conflicts in 1896

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