لغم أرضي نووي

الألغام الأرضية النووية أو ذخائر الهدم الذري والمعروفة بالعامية باسم الألغام الأرضية النووية وهي عبارة عن أجهزة متفجرة نووية صغيرة.^[1]

نبذة عدل

تم تطوير الألغام الأرضية النووية للأغراض العسكرية والمدنية، كسلاح نووي تم تصميمها لتنفجر في المنطقة الأمامية اثناء الحروب، من أجل منع أو توجيه قوات العدو.

بالنسبة للأغراض المدنية، تم تصميمها للهدم أو التعدين أو ردم الأرض. ولم تستخدم إلى الآن.^[2]^[3]

الاستخدام العسكري عدل

حاوية لنقل الألغام الأرضية النووية

وفقا للحسابات الرسمية، نشرت الولايات المتحدة الألغام الأرضية النووية في إيطاليا وألمانيا الغربية خلال الحرب الباردة.^[4] تم نشر الأنواع الأكثر حداثة (SADM و MADM) في كوريا الجنوبية. أشار سيمور هيرش إلى نشر القوات الإسرائيلية على طول مرتفعات الجولان في أوائل الثمانينيات.^[5]^[6]

مراجع عدل

^ Some sources refer to the test as Jangle Uncle (e.g., Adushkin, 2001) or Project Windstorm (e.g., DOE/NV-526, 1998). Operation Buster and Operation Jangle were initially conceived as separate operations, and Jangle was at first known as Windstorm, but the AEC merged the plans into a single operation on 19 June 1951. See Gladeck, 1986.
^ Adushkin, Vitaly V.; Leith, William (September 2001). "USGS Open File Report 01-312: Containment of Soviet underground nuclear explosions" (PDF). US Department of the Interior Geological Survey. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-05-09.
^ Ponton, Jean; et al. (June 1982). Shots Sugar and Uncle: The final tests of the Buster-Jangle series (DNA 6025F) (PDF). Defense Nuclear Agency.[permanent dead link]
^ "The Nuclear Matters Handbook". Archived from the original on 2013-03-02. At the height of the Cold War, however, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) forces had contingency plans to use craters from nuclear detonations to channel, contain, or block enemy ground forces. The size of the crater and its radioactivity for the first several days would produce an obstacle that would be extremely difficult, if not impossible, for a military unit to cross.
^ Condit, Kenneth W (1992), The History of the Joint Chiefs of Staff—The Joint Chiefs of Staff and National Policy, VI, 1955–56, Washington, DC, US: GPO, p. 146.
^ Nicholas Horrock (December 21, 2001). "FBI Focusing On Portable Nuke Threat". UPI. Archived from the original on April 28, 2017. Retrieved April 28, 2017.

[1] Some sources refer to the test as Jangle Uncle (e.g., Adushkin, 2001) or Project Windstorm (e.g., DOE/NV-526, 1998). Operation Buster and Operation Jangle were initially conceived as separate operations, and Jangle was at first known as Windstorm, but the AEC merged the plans into a single operation on 19 June 1951. See Gladeck, 1986.

[2] Adushkin, Vitaly V.; Leith, William (September 2001). "USGS Open File Report 01-312: Containment of Soviet underground nuclear explosions" (PDF). US Department of the Interior Geological Survey. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-05-09.

[3] Ponton, Jean; et al. (June 1982). Shots Sugar and Uncle: The final tests of the Buster-Jangle series (DNA 6025F) (PDF). Defense Nuclear Agency.[permanent dead link]

[4] "The Nuclear Matters Handbook". Archived from the original on 2013-03-02. At the height of the Cold War, however, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) forces had contingency plans to use craters from nuclear detonations to channel, contain, or block enemy ground forces. The size of the crater and its radioactivity for the first several days would produce an obstacle that would be extremely difficult, if not impossible, for a military unit to cross.

[5] Condit, Kenneth W (1992), The History of the Joint Chiefs of Staff—The Joint Chiefs of Staff and National Policy, VI, 1955–56, Washington, DC, US: GPO, p. 146.

[6] Nicholas Horrock (December 21, 2001). "FBI Focusing On Portable Nuke Threat". UPI. Archived from the original on April 28, 2017. Retrieved April 28, 2017.

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