ويكيبيديا

قلادة الصليب

قلادة الصليب هي أي قلادة تضم الصليب المسيحي أو الصليب الذي يرتديه المسيحيين وغيرهم.[1][2] وغالبًا ما يتم شراؤها من متاجر،[3] أو يتم تلقيها كهدايا خلال مناسبات مسيحية طقسيّة مثل المعمودية والمناولة الأولى وسر الميرون.[4][5]

قلادة صليب أرثوذكسية مصنوعة من الخشب.

وغالبًا ما يرتدي المسيحيين الصلبان كمؤشر على الإلتزام في الإيمان المسيحي.[6][7][8] بالإضافة إلى ذلك، بعض المسيحيين يعتقدون أن ارتداء صليب يوفر حماية لمرتديها من السوء.[9][10] بالنسبة لبعض الأفراد، بما في ذلك المسيحيين وبعض غير المسيحيين، يتم ارتداء القلائد كنوع من الموضة.[2] لأتباع بعض الطوائف المسيحية، مثل الكنيسة الأرثوذكسية الشرقية، يتم ارتداء قلادة الصليب بشكل دائم.[11][12] من المتوقع أن يرتدي المتناولون في الكنائس الأرثوذكسية الشرقية والمشرقية قلادات صليب المعمودية في جميع الأوقات. «في القرون الأولى من العصر المسيحي، كان الصليب رمزًا سريًا يستخدمه أتباع الديانة الجديدة المضطهدون».[13]

في بعض الدول تاريخيًا مثل جمهورية ألبانيا الشعبية الإشتراكية، والتي كانت دولة ملحدة، حظر إرتداء قلائد الصليب.[14][15] يرتدي كثير من الأساقفة المسيحيين من عدة طوائف، مثل الكنيسة الأنجليكانية، الصليب الصدري كعلامة على رتبتهم الدينيّة.[16]

في حالتين في بريطانيا والتي حظيت بتغطية إعلامية مكثفة، كانت حالة الممرضة شيرلي شابلن والمضيفة في الخطوط الجوية البريطانية نادية عويضة حيث حظر في كلا الحالتين ارتداء قلادة الصليب في العمل، ونتيجة لذلك، أخذت قضاياهم إلى المحكمة الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان.[17][18][19]

المراجع عدل

  1. ^ John Renard (1 أغسطس 2001). The Handy Religion Answer Book. Visible Ink Press. ISBN:1578591252. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2016-10-21. Individuals wearing or displaying either a cross or the fish symbol might belong to any of a number of Christian denominations or communities.
  2. ^ أ ب Reader، John؛ Baker، Chris (7 مايو 2009). Entering the New Theological Space. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN:0754663396. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2016-10-19. A cross necklace is a Christian symbol, but it is also common enough in secular style that it may be worn by those for whom it has little or no meaning beyond the cultural or fashionable.
  3. ^ Vicki Lopez-Kaley (4 مارس 2011). Celebrating the Lectionary. Liturgy Training Publications. ISBN:156854958X. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-03-22. Do family members have or wear a cross necklace or pins often? If not, purchase one at a local Catholic or Christian bookstore.
  4. ^ Jordan، Anne (5 أبريل 2000). Christianity. Nelson Thornes. ISBN:9780748753208. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-11. Most Orthodox Christians wear this cross for the rest of their lives.
  5. ^ On Wearing the Cross. الكنيسة اليونانية الأرثوذكسية. 2012. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-06-01. At holy Baptism, every Orthodox Christian receives an image of the Precious Cross to be worn around the neck. From the moment of Baptism until the moment of death, every Orthodox Christian should wear the Cross at every moment.
  6. ^ Liz James (30 أبريل 2008). Supernaturalism in Christianity: Its Growth and Cure. Mercer University Press. ISBN:9780881460940. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-11. Most Christians who have worn crosses have probably not trivialized a core teaching of Jesus about renouncing self-centeredness, figuratively described as carrying one's cross. For them the symbol is perceived not as powerful magic, or as a lovely decoration to impress others, but as a reminder primarily to themselves of their commitment to one who laid down His life in love for friends and enemies.
  7. ^ William E. Phipps (4 مايو 2010). A Companion to Byzantium. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN:9781405126540. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-11. In fact cross-wearers, and those depositing icons and other valuables in the graves of loved ones, probably considered themselves true to Christ and His Cross.
  8. ^ Mark U. Edwards (17 سبتمبر 2006). Religion on Our Campuses. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN:1403972109. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-17. Consider, for example, dress and jewelry. An Orthodox Jewish male student may wear a yarmulke or a Moslem female student a headscarf, and Christian students of both sexes may wear crosses.
  9. ^ Liz James (30 أبريل 2008). Supernaturalism in Christianity: Its Growth and Cure. Mercer University Press. ISBN:9780881460940. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-11. From the fifth century onward, the cross has been widely worn as an amulet, and the novel Dracula treats it as a protection against vampires. Many Christians continue to hang polished miniatures of the cross around their necks. Ironically, some treat the representation of an ancient torture device as a protecting charm.
  10. ^ Michael Symmons Roberts (12 سبتمبر 2011). "The Cross". بي بي سي. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-10-06. The belief that the cross can ward off evil and protect the wearer goes back a long way.
  11. ^ Acello، Barbara (30 أغسطس 2004). Nursing Assisting: Essentials For Long-Term Care. Cengage Learning. ISBN:9781401827526. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-26. Russian Orthodox Practice prayer, Communion, and Last Rites by priest. Many wear a cross necklace, which should not be removed if at all possible. After death the arms are crossed, and fingers set in the form of a cross.
  12. ^ Louise Simmers, Karen Simmers-Nartker, Sharon Simmers-Kobelak (7 أبريل 2008). Introduction to Health Science Technology. Cengage Learning. ISBN:9781418021221. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-11. Russian Orthodox (Christian) may wear a cross necklace that should not be removed unless absolutely necessary.{{استشهاد بكتاب}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link)
  13. ^ Metropolitan Jewelry, (Sophie McConnell, ed.), Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.), 1991, p. 66 (ردمك 9780870996160) نسخة محفوظة 22 أبريل 2021 على موقع واي باك مشين.
  14. ^ Edwin E. Jacques (1995). The Albanians: An Ethnic History from Prehistoric Times to the Present. McFarland. ISBN:9780899509327. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-11. Citizens were forbidden to wear a cross or other religious symbols, but some tourists sought to identify themselves as Christians and made contact with others by wearing a cross on the lapel or as a necklace.
  15. ^ Tomko، Jozef (28 فبراير 2007). On Missionary Roads. Ignatius Press. ص. 452. ISBN:9781586171650. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-04-14. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-04-09. In 1967, Hoxha proudly declared Albania to be the first completely atheistic state. It was once a chiefly Musim country with a Catholic minority and small groups of Greek Orthodox in the south. From the onset of communist rule, all religions had to cut their ties with their centers abroad. practically all the priests who survived the initial persecutions were confined in prisons or work camps. Religious orders were abolished, and all religious rituals, including the celebration of the sacraments, were prohibited and punishable by the death penalty for those officiating. The people were not even allowed to have religious necklaces or to wear such things as small crosses.
  16. ^ Colin Ogilvie Buchanan (2006). Historical dictionary of Anglicanism. Scarecrow Press. ISBN:9780810853270. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-11. A pectoral cross is conventional among bishops also.
  17. ^ "Cardinal Keith O'Brien urges Christians to 'proudly' wear cross". بي بي سي. 7 أبريل 2012. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-03. Former nurse Shirley Chaplin, from Exeter, and Nadia Eweida, from Twickenham, who worked with British Airways, are taking their call for all employees to be able to wear a cross at work to the European Court of Human Rights.
  18. ^ Jonathan Petre (6 أبريل 2012). "Persecuted Christians take Government to European Court so they can express their beliefs at work". ديلي ميل. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-01-10. The cases include those of Shirley Chaplin, a Devon nurse banned from working on the wards after she failed to hide a cross she had worn since she was 16, and Gary MacFarlane, who was sacked as a Relate counsellor after suggesting he would refuse to provide sexual therapy to gay couples. The judges will also examine the cases of Nadia Eweida, a check-in clerk for British Airways who was told to remove her small crucifix at work, and registrar Lilian Ladele, who lost her job at Islington town hall, North London, after refusing to officiate at civil partnerships.
  19. ^ "Britain's top Catholic urges all Christians to wear cross". تايمز أوف إينديا. 7 أبريل 2012. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2012-04-11. Two British women are fighting to get their cases heard at the European Court of Human Rights on the grounds that they were discriminated against when their employers stopped them from wearing the cross. British Airways employee Nadia Eweida was suspended by the airline for breaching its uniform code in 2006. Shirley Chaplin was barred from working on the wards on a hospital in Exeter, southwest England, after refusing to hide a cross she wore on a necklace chain.

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