باريون: الفرق بين النسختين

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'''الباريون''' (أو '''الرُجَيْحَن'''، في الترجمات الحديثة، على وزن فُعَيْلَن من أَرْجَحَ الميزانَ أَي أَثقله، ذلك أنهوهو [[جسيم أولي]] ثقيل<ref>العناصر الكيميائية: فكرة تصنيفها الدوري. مجلة الفيصل العلمية، المجلد الثالث، العدد الأول، 2005م \ 1426هـ، ص16-25.</ref>)من عائلة [[جسيم أوليدون ذري|الجسيمات]] ثقيل،[[قائمة الجسيمات#جسيمات مركبة|المركبة]] المحتوية من ثلاث [[كوارك|كواركات]] وهو أثقل [[جسيم أولي|الجسيمات الأولية]]، يضم ال[[بروتون]] و ال[[نيوترون]].
 
<!--'''Baryons''' are the family of [[composite particle|composite]] [[subatomic particle|particles]] made of three [[quark]]s, as opposed to the [[mesons]] which are the family of composite particles made of one quark and one [[antiquark]]. Both baryons and mesons are part of the larger [[list of particles|particle family]] comprising all particles made of quarks—the [[hadrons]]. The term ''baryon'' is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''βαρύς'' (''barys''), meaning "heavy", because at the time of their naming it was believed that baryons were characterized by having greater masses than other particles.
 
Until very recently, it was believed that some experiments showed the existence of ''[[pentaquark]]s''—"exotic" baryons made of four quarks and one antiquark.<ref>H. Muir (2003)</ref><ref>K. Carter (2003)</ref> The particle physics community as a whole did not view their existence as likely in 2006,<ref name=PDGPentaquarks2006>W.-M. Yao ''et al.'' (2006): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2006/reviews/theta_b152.pdf Particle listings – &Theta;<sup>+</sup>]</ref> and in 2008, considered evidence to be overwhelmingly against the existence of the reported pentaquarks.<ref name=PDGPentaquarks2008>C. Amsler ''et al.'' (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/reviews/pentaquarks_b801.pdf Pentaquarks]</ref>
 
Since baryons are composed of quarks, they participate in the [[strong interaction]]. [[Lepton]]s, on the other hand, are not composed of quarks and as such do not participate in the strong interaction. The most well known baryons are the [[proton]]s and [[neutron]]s which make up most of the mass of the visible [[matter]] in the [[universe]], whereas [[electron]]s (the other major component of [[atom]]s) are leptons. Each baryon has a corresponding [[antiparticle]] (antibaryon) where quarks are replaced by their corresponding antiquarks. For example, a [[proton]] is made of two up quarks and one down quark; and its corresponding antiparticle, the [[antiproton]], is made of two up antiquarks and one down antiquark.-->
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