مقاتل: الفرق بين النسختين

* الجواسيس، المرتزقة،<ref name=mercenary>Under Article 47 of Protocol I (Additional to the Geneva Conventions) it is stated in the first sentence "A mercenary shall not have the right to be a combatant or a prisoner of war." On 4 December 1989 the United Nations passed resolution 44/34 the ''International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries''. It entered into force on 20 October 2001 and is usually known as the [[UN Mercenary Convention]]&ndash; [https://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/44/a44r034.htm International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries] A/RES/44/34 72nd plenary meeting 4 December 1989 (UN Mercenary Convention). Article 2 makes it an offence to employ a mercenary and Article 3.1 states that "''A mercenary, as defined in article 1 of the present Convention, who participates directly in hostilities or in a concerted act of violence, as the case may be, commits an offence for the purposes of the Convention.''" &ndash; [http://www.ohchr.org/english/law/mercenaries.htm International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries] {{webarchive Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508054444/http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/mercenaries.htm |date=May 8, 2012 }}</ref> الجنود الأطفال، والمدنيون الذين اشتركوا في القتال ولم يقعوا ضمن التصنيفات التي تم ذكرها في القسم السابق (على سبيل المثال، يصنف سكان إحدى المناطق غير المحتلة، الذين يتسلحون من تلقاء أنفسهم ليقاوموا قوى عدو محتل يقترب منهم، على أنهم مقاتلون ذوي امتيازات).<ref>[http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/terrorism-ihl-210705 The relevance of IHL in the context of terrorism] official statement by the ICRC 21 July 2005. "If civilians directly engage in hostilities, they are considered 'unlawful' or 'unprivileged' combatants or belligerents (the treaties of humanitarian law do not expressly contain these terms). They may be prosecuted under the domestic law of the detaining state for such action".</ref><ref>This point is found in Article 51.3 of the Geneva Conventions [[Protocolالبروتوكول Iالأول]] "Civilians shall enjoy the protection afforded by this section, unless and for such time as they take a direct part in hostilities". ([http://www.icrc.org/ihl.nsf/7c4d08d9b287a42141256739003e636b/f6c8b9fee14a77fdc125641e0052b079 Geneva Conventions Protocol I] Article 51.3) </ref>