علم الفراسة: الفرق بين النسختين

{{هل تقصد|فروسية}}

 

'''علم الفراسة''' أو '''السيكوجونومي''' (Physiognomy) هي عبارة عن [[نظرية]] نفسية تستخدم لوصف شخصية الإنسان وتم تعريفها بواسطة معلم القرن العشرين [[بلجيكا|البلجيكي]] بول بوتس .<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.historyextra.com/article/feature/born-criminal-lombroso-origins-modern-criminology|title=The ‘born criminal’? Lombroso and the origins of modern criminology|work=History Extra|access-date=2017-05-05|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|year=1879|title=Composite Portraits, Made by Combining Those of Many Different Persons Into a Single Resultant Figure|journal=The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland|volume=8|pages=132–44|doi=10.2307/2841021|jstor=2841021|first1=Francis|last1=Galton}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/livesnecromance04godwgoog|title=Lives of the Necromancers|author=William Godwin|year=1876|page=8}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> توافق الفراسة في شكلها الأساسي تعريف [[علم زائف|العلوم الزائفة]]،<ref name="porter">{{Cite book|chapter=Marginalized practices|title=The Cambridge History of Science: Eighteenth-century science|volume=4|series=The Cambridge History of Science|author=Roy Porter|edition=illustrated|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2003|pages=495–497|isbn=978-0-521-57243-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KDSqLsOHc9UC&pg=PA497&dq=Physiognomy+pseudoscience#v=onepage&q=Physiognomy%20pseudoscience&f=false|quote=Although we may now bracket physiognomy with [[Mesmerism]] as discredited or even laughable belief, many eighteenth-century writers referred to it in all seriousness as a useful science with a long history(...) Although many modern historians belittle physiognomy as a pseudoscience, at the end of the eighteenth century it was not merely a popular fad but also the subject of intense academic debate about the promises it held for future progress.}}</ref> وهذه النظرية تعتبر قائمة على علم الفراسة وتتضمن بعض المبادئ الخاصة بعلم دراسة الرموز و [[جرافولوجي|علم الجرافولوجي]].