توحيدية (مسيحية): الفرق بين النسختين

''لاستخدامات أخرى، راجع [[توحيد (توضيح)]].''

{{مسيحية|state=collapsed}}

 

ينبغي الفرز بين التوحيدية الكتابية (Biblical unitarianism) والتوحيدية الكونية (Unitarian universalism). حيث يؤمن الموحدون الكتابيون بالله واحد أحد، بيسوع المسيح وبهبة روح القدس. يختلفون عن التثليثيين بالإيمان أن الآب السماوي وحده هو الله (يوحنا، 3:17). يعتمدون على المراجع التوراتية والإنجيلية لنفي عقيدة [[الثالوث]] وألوهية المسيح ويطالبون بإعادة تأويل النصوص المقدسة.

 

 

 

== المصطلح ==

"التوحيد "هو [[اسم علم]] ويتبع نفس الإستخدامات اللاهوتىة في اللغة الإنجليزية والتي وضعت في إطار الحركات الدينية الأخرى مثل ال([[كالفينية]]، [[تجديدية العماد]]، [[الأدفنتست]]، [[اللوثرية]] الخ).<ref>L. Sue Baugh Essentials of English Grammar: A Practical Guide to the Mastery of English (9780844258218) Second Edition 1994 p59 "Religious Names and Terms: The names of all religions, denominations, and local groups are capitalized."</ref> مصطلح توحيديّة كان موجود قبل نشأة العقيدة التوحيدية وقبل إتخاذها المصطلح كإسم للحركة، وبالتالي في بعض الأحيان يتم استخدام المصطلح كاسم شائع لشمل من يعتبر يسوع المسيح قد أنكر الثالوث أو التي تعتقد أن الله هو شخص واحد فقط. في هذه الحالة تدعى هذه العقيدة بإسم [[لاثالوثية]] والتي لا ترتبط بالضرورة مع الحركة الدينية التوحيدية.<ref>J. Gordon Melton ''Encyclopedia of Protestantism'' 2005 p543 "Unitarianism – The word ''unitarian'' [italics] means one who believes in the oneness of God; historically it refers to those in the Christian community who rejected the doctrine of the Trinity (one God expressed in three persons). Non-Trinitarian Protestant churches emerged in the 16th century in ITALY, POLAND, and TRANSYLVANIA."</ref><ref>Letter from Matthew F. Smith to Editor ''World faiths Encounter'' 7–12 World Congress of Faiths – 1994 – "In an otherwise excellent article by Jasbir Singh Ahluwalia, 'Sikh Spirit in an Age of Plurality' (No. 6, Nov. 1993), the writer makes a number of pejorative remarks about 'unitarianism', associating the term with a striving for a monolithic polity and reductionism to a common denominator. This is a very unfortunate misuse of the word. A correct definition of 'unitarianism' (small 'u') is the mono-[[Hypostasis (philosophy)#Trinitarian definitions|hypo-static]] belief system of someone not directly associated with the Unitarian movement, almost always applied to a person from the Christian tradition, as the word was coined in distinction to the orthodox 'Trinitarian' doctrine of Christianity. 'Unitarians' (capital 'U') are, of course, those who follow the Unitarian approach to religion and are formally associated with the movement. In neither case can it be claimed that there is an underlying agenda towards reductionism and uniformity. Quite the reverse, in fact. Modern Unitarianism is remarkable among religions in not only welcoming the variety of faiths that there are to be found but also, as a creedless church, welcoming and encouraging acceptance of the same. We readily accept that not all our members are 'realist' theists, for example. Our long-standing commitment to interfaith understanding, evident in our practical support of the International Association for Religious Freedom, the World Congress of Faiths and the newly established International Interfaith centre in Oxford cannot be taken to mean that Unitarians are seeking the creation of a single world religion out of the old. I do not know a single Unitarian who believes or seeks that. On the contrary, we reject uniformity and cherish instead the highest degree of spiritual integrity, both of the existing religious traditions of the world and of religious persons as unique, thinking individuals. Matthew F Smith, Information Officer" ([[Essex Street Chapel]], Unitarian Church headquarters, UK)</ref><ref>"The name originated at the time of the great dispute at Gyulafehérvár in 1568, in the course of which Mélius quite often concluded his argument by saying, ''Ergo Deus est trinitarius''.... Hence his party naturally came to be called Trinitarians and their opponents would naturally be called Unitarians. The name seems thus to have come into general use only gradually and it was long before it was employed in the formal proclamations of their Superintendents.... It is not found in print as the denomination of the church until 1600, when the ''unitaria religio'' is named as one of the four received religions in a decree of the Diet of Léczfalva (cf. Magyar Emlékek iv, 551) in the extreme southeastern part of Transylvania. The name was never used by the Socinians in Poland; but late in the seventeenth century Transylvanian Unitarian students made it well-known in Holland, where the Socinians in exile, who had never adopted Socinian as the name of their movement and were more and more objecting to it, welcomed it as distinguishing them from Trinitarians. It thus gradually superseded the term Socinian, and spread to England and America." Earl Morse Wilbur, ''A History of Unitarianism'', vol. 2, pp. 47–48.</ref> على سبيل المثال، حركة الموحدين لم تقبل أبدًا ألوهية يسوع، وهي لاتؤمن في العقائد المختلفة التي تؤمن فيها الحركات ال[[لاثالوثية]] المختلفة مثل الوحدانية الخمسينيه، وكنيسة العنصرة الدولية وكنيسة المسيح الحقيقية وكتابات [[ميغيل سيرفيت]] حيث تؤمن هذه الحركات الأخيرة على أن يسوع هو الله وكشخص واحد. على الرغم من أن هذه الجماعات هي لاثالوثية وتوحيدية بشكل من الأشكال.

 

 

== المراجع ==

{{مواضيع دينية}}

{{شريط بوابات|مسيحية}}

 

[[تصنيف:توحيدية مسيحية]]